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諸国羽子板標本
明治時代
清水晴風

 ご紹介するのは、『諸国羽子板標本』という資料です。
 桐の箱に、縦7㎝ほどの可愛らしい羽子板の模型50枚が収められています。
作者は、明治時代に郷土玩具のコレクター、研究家として知られた清水晴風せいふうという人物です。晴風は、日本各地に昔から伝わった郷土玩具や人形に、高価な美術品にはない、飾らない美しさを見出して、画集『うなゐの友』を出版し、当時の文化人、趣味人による郷土玩具愛好運動の先駆者となりました。

 これらの標本は晴風が収集した日本各地の羽子板をモデルにしたものです。薄い杉の板を本物と同じ形に切り出し、顔料を用いて、丁寧に絵柄を写しています。柄の部分に小さな紙を貼り付け、その生産地を記しています。

 表面と裏面は違う絵が描かれるものが多く、松竹梅や鶴亀、福の神、日の出などのおめでたい図柄を素朴に描くものが中心です。布を貼って役者や美人の顔を描く「押絵おしえ羽子板」や、宮中の正月の厄除けの行事「左義長さぎちょう」の様子を金箔と極彩色で描く「左義長羽子板」もあります。こうした装飾的な羽子板は、「邪気を跳ね返す」という意味を込め、鑑賞用、贈答用として用いられました。

 美しく彩られた羽子板には、新しい年を祝う晴れがましい気持ちと、女の子が健やかに成長して欲しいという祈りが込められています。


Examples of Hagoita from Various Provinces
Meiji Period (1868~1912)
Author: Shimizu Seifū

This text is called Examples of Hagoita from Various Provinces.

Fifty cute 7 cm tall model Hagoita, or rectangular wooden paddles, are collected in a paulownia box. The author, Shimizu Seifū, was known as a collector and researcher of toys from various local areas. Seifū produced a collection of illustrations entitled The Child’s Friend (Unai no tomo), in which he depicted the natural beauty of toys and dolls from each province of Japan, though they were not high price art objects. Among literati and cultured people of his age, he was a pioneer in the appreciation of antique and local toys.

Seifū based the model hagoita in this collection on real hagoita from around Japan. Using thin cedar boards cut in the exact shape of hagoita and using pigments, he carefully drew pictures on the hagoita. A small piece of paper labeling the province of origin is attached to each handle.

Many of the hagoita have different pictures on back and front and many of the pictures include auspicious symbols, including pine-bamboo-plum trees, cranes and turtles, the God of Luck, and sunrises. However, most are fairly unsophisticated. The oshi-e, literally “Raised cloth picture,” hagoita have pictures of actors and famous beautiful women made from cloth. The sagichō, literally “Burning of New Year’s Decorations,” hagoita depict the annual burning of New Year’s Decorations on the 15th day of the lunar New Year in the palace to ward off evil. These “Burning of New Year’s Decorations” hagoita have gold leaf and are richly colored. These decorative hagoita were used to reject evil spirits and were kept for their aesthetic value or exchanged as presents.

These beautiful and colorful hagoita contain both a gala spirit welcoming the New Year as well as prayers for the young women of the house to grow up healthfully.