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文壇の趨勢
明治42年
夏目漱石


 文芸雑誌『趣味』の明治42年1月1日号に掲載された、夏目漱石の談話筆記の原稿です。談話筆記とは、雑誌記者が話を聞いて文章にまとめたもの、今風にいえばインタビュー記事のことです。

 インタビューのテーマは、「向後、日本の文壇はどう変化するか」というもの。漱石はこの問いに、「全ての作品を一つ残らず通読したのではないが」と断りながらも、「日本の文壇は前途多望、大いに楽観すべき現象に充ちていると思います」と述べています。昨今の―と言っても明治のですが―日本の小説はとても面白く優れている。一つには次々生まれている新進作家たちによる、従来のジャンル内における深みの競い合い、もう一つには新しいジャンルの開拓の競い合い、この二種類の競争を経て、ますます作品が進歩してゆくだろう、と。英国留学の経験を持つ彼らしく、イギリスの二大政党の政権交代を引き合いに出しながら、競争しあう二つの勢力が互いに切磋琢磨しながら、その派閥の臭みが抜けた時に日本の文壇は新たな高みに上るであろうと予言しています。

 原稿は、「漱石山房」とうぐいす色で印刷された特製の原稿用紙に書かれています。「漱石山房」とは、早稲田南町にあった漱石の家の呼び名です。マス目を無視した闊達な書きっぷりと、意外に小さく細い万年筆で綴られている文字からは、漱石の大胆にして繊細な人となりがそこはかとなく窺われます。後から書き込まれた赤インクのルビやすみっこの丁付けが、ああ、雑誌に掲載された原稿なのだなあ…と妙にリアルです。原稿用紙は1枚1枚丁寧に裏打ちされ、保護表紙と薄い和紙の遊び紙をつけて綴じられており、文豪・漱石先生の原稿として大切にされてきた様子がしのばれます。

 さて、本稿は談話筆記、つまりインタビューを記者が記事にしたものとして世に出ています。よって、本来なら漱石の自筆原稿があるはずはありません。この不思議の訳は、談話をまとめた雑誌記者の筆記があまりに漱石の意図とかけ離れていたので、気に入らなくて全部自分で書き直してしまったに違いない(だから自筆原稿が残っている)と推測されています。漱石先生、ほかの機会にも「談話筆記なんて出鱈目なもの。勝手に記者がこしらえてしまうのだからたまらない」という趣旨のことを書いており、意図を正しく汲み取ってくれない雑誌記者に、いささかご立腹だったようです。教科書などでおなじみのちょっと気難しげな漱石の写真が思い出され、思わずニヤリとさせられます。

"Prospects of the Japanese Literary Scene"
42nd year of Meiji (1909)

Interviewee (and author): Natsume Sōseki

 This manuscript is the interview of the author Natsume Sōseki titled, “Prospects of the Japanese Literary Scene” (Bundan no sūsei) printed in the January 1st of the 42nd year of Meiji (1909) edition of the literary magazine Shumi.

 The theme of the interview was, “How do you believe the Japanese literary scene will change from here on?” In Sōseki’s answer, he qualified “I haven’t read every single book out there, but I believe the future of the Japanese literary scene is truly promising and we have every reason to be filled with optimism.” Sōseki said that contemporary (that is to say, Meiji period) novels are particularly interesting and outstanding. Firstly, because there are constantly new authors entering the field and they are fighting for prominence within established genres. Secondly, they are creating new genres themselves. Naturally, the competition between new genres and new authors within existing genres will produce exceptional new works.

 The manuscript is on monogrammed genkō-yōshi paper (paper with 200 or 400 squares per sheet) bearing an olive-green “Sōseki sanbō” insignia. The “Sōseki sanbō” was Sōseki’s home located in the Waseda Minami-cho. Because Sōseki had ignored the printed squares on the paper and written small and narrow characters with a fountain-tip pen, Sōseki seems to have been a bold yet delicate person. Character readings and page numbers were later added in red ink adding to the impression that this really was a manuscript printed in a magazine.

 This interview was printed as such, in other words it was printed as if it were written by a person asking Sōseki questions. However, if it actually were an interview, there would be no reason for a manuscript written by Sōseki himself to exist. In other words, it seems likely that there was an interview prepared by an interviewer, but Sōseki did not like the resulting article and so he took it upon himself to completely rewrite the interview, which is why Sōseki’s manuscript exists. In one other case, Sōseki even went so far as to write to the general effect that “interviews are just a bunch of hot-air. There’s no helping the fact that interviewers will write exactly the way they please,” Sōseki clearly felt that interviewers did not correctly grasp his meaning and was often irritated by them. Thinking of the conventional picture used for Natsume Sōseki in Japanese textbooks, one cannot help but chuckle at his slight cantankerousness.